All Articles
Browse every published article, from the latest research to earlier analysis. Use the page numbers below to explore the complete archive.
Rat Breath Experiment Compared Midazolam–Fentanyl Anesthesia at Two Inspired Oxygen Levels
A twelve-rat experiment examined gas-exchange measures under different anesthetic and oxygen conditions. Its breath measurements were not tests of benzodiazepine concentration or human driving impairment.
Post-Embolization Hemiballism Case Improved During Clonazepam and Other Treatment
A case report described delayed abnormal movement after a vascular procedure and improvement during combined therapy. It did not establish clonazepam’s independent efficacy.
Mixed Carbamazepine–Alprazolam Case Could Not Assign Coma to One Agent From Symptoms Alone
A case report described fluctuating consciousness during mixed intoxication. Its clinical picture did not provide a benzodiazepine-only concentration–effect threshold.
Gelsemine Receptor Study Found Inhibition Outside the Conventional Benzodiazepine Binding Site
A laboratory study found negative modulation of GABA-A currents by gelsemine. Its receptor effects differed from assuming a plant anxiolytic acts like a benzodiazepine.
Spinal-Cord-Stimulation Cohort’s Benzodiazepine Covariate Did Not Establish Treatment Failure
A surgical-device cohort examined medication purchases alongside stimulation outcomes. Benzodiazepine exposure was not a demonstrated independent cause of explantation.
Tanzanian Seizure Study Counted Cases, Samples, and Weight as Different Market Measures
A forensic laboratory study included benzodiazepine seizures within a broader drug-market dataset. Low seizure frequency did not establish low consumption or absence of clinical harm.
Pediatric Liver-Injury Review Listed Potential CYP Interactions Separately From Causality Scores
A retrospective ICU study evaluated suspected liver injury and medication combinations. A listed midazolam interaction did not itself prove that the drug caused liver injury.
ICU Sleep-Disturbance Model Combined Several Neurocognitive Diagnoses Rather Than One Midazolam Outcome
A database model included midazolam among predictors of neurocognitive disorders. Its broad outcome category was not a direct test of medication-induced delirium.
Aged-Care Education Study Improved Some Measures While Benzodiazepine Doses Stayed Stable
A before-and-after staff program was associated with several improvements. It did not demonstrate a reduction in every psychotropic class.
Irinotecan Twitching Case Used Lorazepam Before Later Infusions Rather Than During the Original Event
A case report described no recurrence after lorazepam premedication. That prophylactic observation should not be rewritten as immediate reversal of the first episode.
Foal Diazepam Study Found a Lower Respiratory Rate Without Lower Minute Ventilation
A six-foal experiment measured breathing distribution, position, and airway pressure. A change in one respiratory variable did not establish the same change in all others.
Antipsychotic Hypothermia Review Listed Benzodiazepines as a Coexisting Factor Without Estimating Their Relative Risk
A systematic case review identified benzodiazepine use in many reported hypothermia cases. It did not quantify the independent risk from that co-medication.
Older Lung-Cancer Prescribing Study Identified Estazolam Among Frequent Criteria-Flagged Medicines
A repeated cross-sectional study found rising potentially inappropriate prescribing in a selected outpatient population. Its flags were not observed adverse events.
ICU Cohort Assessed Baseline Anxiety and Depression While Adjusting for Daily Benzodiazepine Exposure
A prospective cohort found combined baseline anxiety and depression associated with delirium. Benzodiazepine use was a modeled covariate, not the main intervention under study.
Quebec Medication-Cost Study Found That Expenditure Trends Did Not Necessarily Follow Benzodiazepine Use
A repeated cross-sectional study examined public-insurer costs of potentially inappropriate medicines. Lower spending did not necessarily mean fewer exposed patients or fewer injuries.
Coronary-Angiography VR Trial’s Anxiety Finding Changed After Baseline Adjustment
A randomized trial compared VR added to usual care, which could include benzodiazepines. The adjusted and unadjusted primary analyses did not give the same conclusion.
Gabapentinoid Study Used Alprazolam or Diazepam as Comparators and Prescriptions as an Atrial-Fibrillation Proxy
A claims study found more initiation of atrial-fibrillation-related treatment after gabapentinoids. It did not directly diagnose every event or demonstrate that benzodiazepines prevent arrhythmia.
Perioperative Neurocognitive Review Distinguished Delirium From Later Cognitive Outcomes
A narrative review grouped several perioperative cognitive conditions under one framework. Its benzodiazepine discussion did not make those diagnoses interchangeable.
Tapentadol Nonmedical-Use Survey Reported Benzodiazepine Co-Use in Selected Respondents
A small anonymous survey found frequent benzodiazepine co-use among respondents answering that item. The percentage was not a population prevalence or an analytically confirmed interaction rate.
Dutch Prescribing-Data Interviews Identified Why Benzodiazepine Counts Need Indication and Dispensing Context
A qualitative study found that stakeholders needed linked clinical, pharmacy, and claims data. It did not validate a prescribing count as a complete measure of appropriateness.
Ketamine Stress Pilot’s Primary Comparison Against Midazolam Did Not Reach Statistical Significance
A twenty-four-person pilot found a numerical anxiety difference after a laboratory stressor. Its exploratory biomarker analysis did not turn the primary result into demonstrated protection.
Rotator-Cuff Prescribing Study Combined Opioids and Benzodiazepines in Several Headline Counts
A health-system audit reported controlled-substance prescribing by encounter and patient. Its combined figures cannot be read as benzodiazepine-only prevalence.
Pediatric Emergence-Agitation Meta-Analysis Kept Midazolam and Placebo Comparisons Separate
A meta-analysis associated dexmedetomidine with less emergence agitation than midazolam in included trials. The estimate concerned a specific postoperative outcome, not overall sedative superiority.
Small Internet-CBT Trial Added Behavioral Treatment After Persistent Insomnia Under Hypnotics
An exploratory trial found improved subjective sleep with internet CBT added to usual care. It did not test a universal replacement for benzodiazepines.
Ketamine Dose Trial Used Midazolam as an Active Placebo and Found Time-Specific Differences
A depression trial compared several ketamine doses with midazolam. The benzodiazepine’s role was to provide an active comparator, not an established antidepressant treatment.
Erythrina Mouse Study Found Motor Effects Alongside Anxiety-Like Behavioral Changes
A small plant-extract experiment used diazepam as a comparator and observed changes in motor performance. Apparent anxiety-like benefit did not establish freedom from impairment.
Stiff-Person Case Recorded EMG Changes During a Diazepam Trial
A case report linked reduction in spontaneous muscle activity after diazepam with later antibody findings. It provided an observed response rather than a validated diagnostic-accuracy estimate.
Fragile-X Mouse Study Distinguished Diazepam’s Synaptic Effects From Neurosteroid Effects on Tonic Inhibition
A receptor-physiology study measured different forms of inhibition in mutant mice. Sharing a GABA-A target did not make diazepam and neurosteroids functionally interchangeable.
Taiwan Dementia Claims Study Found Frequent Benzodiazepine–Herbal Formula Co-Prescribing
A historical claims study described concurrent prescribing patterns. It did not test whether particular combinations were effective, safe, or responsible for cognitive changes.
Lewy-Body Dementia Review Discussed Clonazepam for Dream Enactment Rather Than Cognitive Recovery
A disease-management review described clonazepam as an option for REM sleep behavior disorder. That symptom-specific discussion was not evidence that it modifies dementia progression.